Biology Kingdom Plantae: Definition, Facts, Functions, and 11th Class Notes
All living organisms within the Biology Kingdom Plantae display multicellularity together with eukaryotic cell structure and autotrophic life patterns while remaining essential for preserving Earth’s biosphere. Plantae kingdom contains a wide selection of plants which includes basic mosses and complex flowering plants. All organisms within Kingdom Plantae use photosynthesis to transform sunlight energy into cellular power which creates oxygen as a product of this biological process. Plants build the base of the food chain while supporting ecosystem functions extensively.
Definition of Kingdom Plantae
The classification group termed Kingdom Plantae contains every plant capable of photosynthesizing organisms. The organisms in this group build their cell walls from cellulose while storing their food as starch through either spore or seed reproduction. The life cycle of Kingdom Plantae includes interchanging phases of sporophyte which are diploid and gametophyte which are haploid.
Key Facts About Kingdom Plantae
- Diversity: Organisms belonging to Kingdom Plantae include over 360,000 known species along with non-vascular mosses and vascular flowering plants.
- Photosynthesis: Plants perform photosynthesis to absorb carbon dioxide while they produce oxygen thus maintaining the existence of all organisms which need oxygen.
- Growth Patterns: The growth mechanics of plants differ from animals because they sustain their growth indefinitely from birth to death.
- Classification: The Plant Kingdom includes four distinct biological groups which scientists group under Bryophytes Pteridophytes Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
- Adaptations: Various plant species have developed survival adaptations to suit environments ranging from arid deserts to underwater aquatic habitats.
Functions of Kingdom Plantae
All life on Earth depends on plants because they execute vital ecological processes including:
- Oxygen Production: Plants create oxygen by performing the process of photosynthesis thus providing vital oxygen necessary for every living organism.
- Food Source: Plants serve as the primary food source for herbivores and omnivores that occupy the positions at the base of food chains.
- Carbon Sequestration: Carbon Sequestration is a process where plants use carbon dioxide to protect atmospheric carbon concentrations while combating climate change effects.
- Habitat Creation: Different plant ecosystems along with forest habitats serve as critical homes for multiple animal species while also providing their essential food needs.
- Medicinal Uses: Many plants serve medical purposes since their compounds are utilized in pharmaceutical medicines alongside traditional healing practices.
- Soil Conservation: The rooting system prevents soil erosion because it enhances ground stability which lowers the chances of landslides and desertification occurrence.
Classification of Kingdom Plantae
- Bryophytes: Non-vascular plants such as mosses and liverworts that thrive in moist environments.
- Pteridophytes: Seedless vascular plants, including ferns, that reproduce through spores.
- Gymnosperms: Seed-producing plants that do not have flowers, such as pine and fir trees.
- Angiosperms: Flowering plants that produce seeds enclosed within fruits, the most diverse plant group.
Kingdom Plantae MCQs for ECAT Entry Test Preparation
1. The plant body is thalloid flat ribbon like usually dishotomously branched in ?
- Psllotum
- Selaginella
- Anthoceros
- Marchantiacorrect
2. The sporophyte in bryophytes is ?
- Haploid
- Both a % b
- Diploidcorrect
- Monoploid
3. Bryophytes are generally thought to have evolved from ?
- Brown algae
- All of these
- Red algae
- Green algaecorrect
4. In bryophytes the antherozoids are attracted toward archegonia ?
- Osmotically
- Phototactically
- Chemotacticallycorrect
- Thermotactically
5. All the bryophytes ahere certain characteristics like ?
- A way cuticle true leaves and reproductive cells in protective chambers
- Reproductive tissue in protective chambers and vascular tissue
- Vascular tissue true leaves and way cuticle
- Reproductive cells in protective chambers and way cuticlecorrect
6. The kingdom plantae can be divided into two broad categories ?
- Bryophyta and tracheophytacorrect
- None of these
- Bryophyta and Lycophyta
- Bryophyta and pterudophyta
7. The number of plant species of liverworts is about ?
- 400
- 1000
- 900correct
- 700
8. The sub division Anthocerotopsida includes ?
- Hornwortscorrect
- Liverworts
- None of these
- Stoneworts
9. The bryophytes are also called ?
- All of these
- Amphibianscorrect
- Sporogonium
- Arthrophytes
10. In mosses the archegonia and antheridla form clusters and are mixed with sterlie hairs called ?
- None of these
- Epiphyses
- Periphyses
- Paraphysescorrect
11. In hornworts the sporophyte has a band of specialised cells at the junction of food spore producting region known as ?
- Both A % B
- Vascular issue
- Meristematic tissuecorrect
- Conducting tissue
12. The divisision Tracheophyta constitutes ?
- Horsetails clubmosses and seed plants
- All pteropsids
- All gymonosperms
- All vascular plantscorrect
13. Ferns and seed plants are included in the sub division ?
- Pteropsidacorrect
- Psilopsida
- Lycopsida
- Sphenopsida
14. The total number of plant species known so far is ?
- 460000
- 380000
- 360000correct
- 235000
15. The first plants to colonize on land were ?
- tracheophytes
- Pteridophytes
- Bryophytescorrect
- Arthrophytes
16. A haploid spermatozoid fuses with a haploid egg is bryophytes to produce diploid ?
- Oosphere
- Zygote
- Ooporecorrect
- All of these
17. The spore of a moss plant develops into an alga like structure the ?
- Plakea
- Chlamydomonas
- Protonemacorrect
- Prothallus
18. The oospore in bryophytes does not produce the gametophyte directly but produces a totally different plant called ?
- Sporophytecorrect
- Protonema
- All of these
- Prothallus
19. In bryophytes the gameterrs are produced by ?
- Amitosis
- Binary fission
- Mitosiscorrect
- Meiosis
20. The sub division psilopsida includes ?
- Whisk fernscorrect
- Club mosses
- Horsetalis
- Mosses
21. In mosses the sex organs develop at the tips of different branches on fdifferent plants as in ?
- Funaria
- Polytrichumcorrect
- Lycopodium
- Porella
22. Bryophytes are divided into three sub divisions ?
- Lycopsida sphenopsida and pteropsida
- Hepaticopsida Bryopsida and anthocerotopsidacorrect
- Hepaticopsida filicineae and angiospermae
- None of these
23. Plant cells have cell wall outer to ?
- Cell membrane
- All of thesecorrect
- Plasma lamella
- Plasma membrane
24. The gametophytic plant body organization is highly lobed and irregular in outline in ?
- Bryopsida
- Hepaticopsida
- Anthocerotopsidacorrect
- All bryophytes
25. The example of leafy liverwort is ?
- Porellacorrect
- Marchantia
- Lyeopodlum
- Polytrichum
Conclusion
The life cycle of Earth depends heavily on Biology Kingdom Plantae because it produces oxygen, generates our food supply, and provides essential ecological benefits. Knowledge about the definition of Plantae Kingdom together with facts will support students who need to pass their ECAT biology entry examinations. MCQ practice about the Plantae kingdom improves both exam results and basic understanding of these organisms. Check out Nokryan.com for additional biology test preparation materials which include biology multiple-choice questions (MCQs).