Ecat Entry Test Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry MCQs

chemistry / By
Spread the love

Fundamentals principles of organic chemistry, Peculiar Nature of Carbon, Isomerism, Solubility, Natural Gas.

Organic chemistry centers its studies on Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry through a focus on carbon-specific elements alongside its complex compound formation processes. Stable covalent bonds formed by carbon result in numerous organic molecules. The understanding of organic reactions as well as structural diversity and organic compounds’ both natural world and industrial significance depends on these basic principles.

Ecat Entry Test Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry MCQs

Peculiar Nature of Carbon

The capability of self-linking known as catenation acts as a distinctive feature of carbon atoms to create lengthy chain structures and ring systems. Molecular geometry together with the reactivity of organic substances depends on the different hybridization types (sp, sp2, sp3) displayed by carbon. Methane (CH4) undergoes sp3 hybridization that leads to a tetrahedral molecular structure yet ethene (C2H4) achieves sp2 hybridization leading to planar geometry in its structure. Carbon uses its multiple bonding possibilities involving double bonds and triple bonds to extend its bonding capabilities.

Isomerism in Organic Compounds

Organic chemistry widely employs the concept of isomerism to discuss compounds that share identical molecular formulas although they maintain different molecular structures. The physical and chemical properties face influence from structural isomerism which contains chain and position along with functional types. Stereoisomerism at its two different levels of geometrical and optical isomerism plays an essential role in biological systems as well as pharmaceutical compounds. Butane demonstrates two structural isomers whereas the cis-trans isomeric relationship exists in molecules such as BrCH=CHBr.

Solubility and Functional Groups

Organic compounds dissolve in water based on three main factors polarity level and size of molecules together with hydrogen bond formation abilities. Carboxylic acids (R-COOH) interact with water because of their hydrogen bond formation ability which makes them highly soluble while hydrocarbons show non-polar properties that prevent water absorption. Organic molecules’ behavioral attributes as well as functional properties emerge from specific groups like ethers and esters and ketones and alcohols while ethers display metamerism and carboxylic acids form the primary functional category in biological mechanisms.

Natural Gas and Fossil Fuels

Methane (CH4) dominates natural gas which positions as one of the primary energy sources. The fossil fuels derivatives from petroleum together with coal and natural gas supply energy for industrial processes. The petroleum refinement process gains assistance from thermal and catalytic cracking techniques for generating useful hydrocarbon products including alkanes and alkenes. Combustion efficiency in gasoline depends on the octane rating which determines fuel quality.

Applications and Industrial Significance

The fundamental principles of organic chemistry find extensive use in pharmaceuticals while also serving industries of agriculture and petrochemicals. Through organic synthesis, researchers developed various products including polymers and dyes together with medicines and fuels. When Wohler discovered the synthesis of urea he started the current era of organic chemistry through his proof that artificial methods could make organic compounds.

Conclusion Of Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry

Understanding the fundamental principles of organic chemistry is essential for grasping the vast world of organic compounds. Carbon’s exceptional bonding capabilities, isomerism, solubility behavior, and industrial applications highlight its significance. Whether studying for the ECAT entry test or exploring organic chemistry’s role in real life, mastering these principles provides a strong foundation for further learning.

MCQ’s On Fundamental Principles of Organic Chemistry

1. Which set of hybrid orbitals has planar triangle shape ?
A = sp3
B = sp
C = sp2
D = dsp2

  • Ccorrect
  • B
  • D
  • A

2. A double bond consists of ?

  • One sigma and one pi bondscorrect
  • One sigma and two pi bonds
  • Two pi bonds
  • Two sigma bonds

3. Ethers show the phenomenon of ?

  • Position isomerism
  • Metamerismcorrect
  • Functional Group isomerism
  • Cis-trans isomerisim

4. Diversity of organic compounds in millions is ?

  • Seven
  • Four
  • Sixcorrect
  • Five

5. Major component of natural gas is ?

  • Ethane
  • Propane
  • Ethene
  • Methanecorrect

6. Cracking products are ?

  • Alkanes and alkenescorrect
  • Only alkenes
  • Only alkenes
  • Alkynes

7. Fossil fuels consist of ?

  • Coal
  • Natural gas
  • Petroleum
  • All of thesecorrect

8. Type of isomerism in BrCH=HBr is ?

  • Geometrical isomerismcorrect
  • Position isomerism
  • Structural isomerism
  • Conformational isomerism

9. Which gasoline is better ?

  • Of high octane
  • Of low molecular mass
  • All of thesecorrect
  • Of low boiling point

10. Type of cracking are ?

  • Steam
  • All a, b, ccorrect
  • Catalytic
  • Thermal

11. The chemist who synthesized urea from ammonium cyanate was ?

  • Lavoisier
  • Berzelius
  • Wohlercorrect
  • Kolbe

12. Linear geometry is present in ?
A = Sp3
B = Sp2
C = Sp
D = d2sp3

  • B
  • D
  • A
  • Ccorrect

13. General formula of carboxylic acid is ?

  • RCOH
  • RCOOR
  • RCOR
  • R-C(O)OHcorrect

14. Linear shape is associated with which set of hybrid orbitals ?
A = sp
B = sp2
C = sp3
D = dsp2

  • Acorrect
  • C
  • D
  • B

15. Self linkage of carbon to produce long chains is ?

  • polymerization
  • isomerism
  • catenationcorrect
  • polymorphism

16. Type of hybridization in CH=CH is ?
A = sp
B = sp2
C = sp3
D = dsp2

  • Bcorrect
  • A
  • D
  • C

17. Source of organic compounds primarily is ?

  • Plants
  • Minerals
  • A & Bcorrect
  • Animals

18. At present oil refineries in Pakistan are ?

  • Three
  • Two
  • Fourcorrect
  • One

19. Number of isomers of butane are ?

  • One
  • Twocorrect
  • Four
  • Three

20. Products of coal is ?

  • Bituminous coal
  • Lignite
  • All abovecorrect
  • Peat

21. Geological survey of Pakistan estimates about billion tons of coal Pakistan ?

  • 1882
  • 184correct
  • 183
  • 185

22. Tetraethyl lead causes disease ?

  • Respiratorycorrect
  • Typhoid
  • Stomach
  • Muscular

23. Wohler synthesized first of all the organic compound ?

  • Ureacorrect
  • Aniline
  • Carbohydrates
  • Toluene

24. The state of hybridization of carbon atom in methane is ?
A = sp3
B = sp2
C = sp
D = dsp2

  • B
  • C
  • D
  • Acorrect

25. In t-butyl alcohol, the tertiary carbon is bonded to ?

  • Two hydrogen atoms
  • One hydrogen atom
  • Three hydrogen atoms
  • No hydrogen atomcorrect

Chemistry

Scroll to Top